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IHttpMime

# IHttpMime

Mime 字段

在 IHttpCore 中，框架将一部分常用的 mime 类型定义成enum 字段。用户可以直接使用 字段的名称来代替mime 字符串。如下是预定义的字段和类型以及mime 的对应内容。

字段 MIME 类型
TEXT_PLAIN text/plain
TEXT_PLAIN_UTF8 text/plain; charset=UTF-8
TEXT_HTML text/html
TEXT_HTML_UTF8 text/html; charset=UTF-8
TEXT_CALENDAR text/calendar
TEXT_CSS text/css
TEXT_DIRECTORY text/directory
TEXT_ENRICHED text/enriched
TEXT_PARITYFIC text/parityfec
TEXT_RICHTEXT text/richtext
TEXT_RTF text/rtf
TEXT_SGML text/sgml
TEXT_T140 text/t140
TEXT_URI_LIST text/uri-list
TEXT_VND_CURL text/vnd.curl
TEXT_XML text/xml
IMAGE_MICROSOFT_ICO image/vnd.microsoft.icon
IMAGE_JPEG image/jpeg
IMAGE_PNG image/png
IMAGE_TIFF image/tiff
IMAGE_SVG_XML image/svg+xml
IMAGE_BMP image/bmp
IMAGE_CGM image/cgm
IMAGE_G3FAX image/g3fax
IMAGE_GIF image/gif
IMAGE_IEF image/ief
IMAGE_WEBP image/webp
IMAGE_X_ICON image/x-icon
AUDIO_MIDI audio/midi
AUDIO_MPEG audio/mpeg
AUDIO_X_WAV audio/x-wav
AV audio/x-wav
AUDIO_X_AIFF audio/a-aiff
AUDIO_WEBM audio/webm
AUDIO_OGG audio/ogg
AUDIO_WAV audio/wav
AUDIO_3GPP audio/3gpp
AUDIO_3GPP2 audio/3gpp2
AUDIO_AAC audio/aac
AUDIO_AC3 audio/ac3
AUDIO_AMR audio/AMR
AUDIO_AMR_WB audio/AMR-WB
AUDIO_AMR_WB_PLUS audio/amr-wb+
AUDIO_MP4 audio/mp4
AUDIO_MP3 audio/mp3
AUDIO_MP2 audio/mp2
AUDIO_BASIC audio/basic
AUDIO_X_WMA audio/x-ms-wma
VIDEO_FLV video/x-flv
VIDEO_MPEG video/mpeg
VIDEO_PARITYFEC video/parityfec
VIDEO_QUICKTIME video/quicktime
VIDEO_X_MSVIDEO video/x-msvideo
VIDEO_MP4 video/mp4
VIDEO_X_FLV video/x-flv
VIDEO_OGG video/ogg
VIDEO_WEBM video/webm
VIDEO_3GPP video/3gpp
VIDEO_3GPP2 video/3gpp2
VIDEO_RAW video/raw
VIDEO_X_WMV video/x-ms-wmv
VIEDO_X_M4V video/x-m4v
APPLICATION_MSWORD application/msword
APPLICATION_RTF application/rtf
APPLICATION_EXCEL application/vnd.ms-excel
APPLICATION_JSON application/json
APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8 application/json; charset=UTF-8
APPLICATION_POWER_POINT application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
APPLICATION_JAVASCRIPT application/javascript
APPLICATION_OPEN_DOCUMENT_TEXT application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text
APPLICATION_OPEN_DOCUMENT_SPREADSHEET application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet
APPLICATION_SHOCKWAVE_FLASH application/x-shockwave-flash
APPLICATION_RAR_COMPRESSED application/x-rar-compressed
APPLICATION_MS_DOWNLOAD application/x-msdownload
APPLICATION_CAB_COMPRESSED application/vnd.ms-cab-compressed
APPLICATION_POSTSCRIPT application/postscript
APPLICATION_WWW_FORM_URLENCODED application/x-www-form-urlencoded
APPLICATION_FONT_WOFF application/x-font-woff
APPLICATION_FONT_TTF application/octet-stream
APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM application/octet-stream
APPLICATION_PDF application/pdf
MULTIPART_ALTERNATIVE multipart/alternative
MULTIPART_FORM_DATA multipart/form-data
MULTIPART_BYTERANGES multipart/byteranges
MULTIPART_DIGEST multipart/digest
MULTIPART_ENCRYTED multipart/encrypted
MULTIPART_HEADER_SET multipart/header-set
MULTIPART_MIXED multipart/mixed
MULTIPART_PARALLEL multipart/parallel
MULTIPART_RELATED multipart/related
MULTIPART_REPORT multipart/report
MULTIPART_SIGNED multipart/signed
MULTIPART_VOICE_MESSAGE multipart/vocie-message
UNKNOWN UNKNOWN

注意上面的 TEXT_PLAIN_UTF8， TEXT_HTML_UTF8， APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8 这三个字段，我们在 mime 类型的后面添加了对应的 charset 类型。这些字段一般用于返回给用户，明确指定用户的编码解析方式，便于用户解析。

在字段的最后有一个 UNKNOWN 字段。 这个字段是框架添加的字段，用于标记代替使用。比如如果一个mime 类型在内容还没有确定的时候，可以标记 UNKNOWN字段，在中间会给该类型赋值。在最后判断当前的mime 类型是否是 UNKNOWN，如果是的话，则给一个默认值。

字段转换

在实际的过程中，框架需要将字段和对应的字符串进行相互转换, 在 IHttpMime.h 文件中声明了如下的函数：

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namespace IHttpMimeUtil
{
    IStringView toString(IHttpMime);
    IHttpMime toMime(const QString&);
    IHttpMime toMime(const IString&);
}

如上，用户可以使用 IHttpMimeUtil::toString 将一个 mime 字段转换成对弈的字符串视图 IStringView 。这里使用 IStringView可以更好的节省内存，减少字符串的拷贝。

用户也可以使用 IHttpMimeUtil::toMime 将一个字符串转换成 IHttpMime 字段类型。如果在实际的转换过程中，字符串并没有匹配到任何一个Mime字段，则会返回 IHttpMime::UNKNOWN 字段。

SuffixMime

IHttpMime 模块支持文件尾缀 到 mime 字符串的映射。这个映射的函数定义如下：

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namespace IHttpMimeUtil
{
    IStringView getSuffixMime(const IString& suffix);
}

通过 getSuffixMime 传入 suffix 来查找特定的mime字符串。

预定义的suffix-mime

框架内部预定义了一部分的suffix 和 mime 的映射关系， 如下：

‌文件后缀‌ MIME类型‌
txt IHttpMime::TEXT_PLAIN_UTF8
xhtml IHttpMime::TEXT_HTML_UTF8
html IHttpMime::TEXT_HTML_UTF8
htm IHttpMime::TEXT_HTML_UTF8
css IHttpMime::TEXT_CSS
xml IHttpMime::TEXT_XML
xql IHttpMime::TEXT_XML
xsd IHttpMime::TEXT_XML
xslt IHttpMime::TEXT_XML
cml IHttpMime::TEXT_XML
dcd IHttpMime::TEXT_XML
ent IHttpMime::TEXT_XML
mtx IHttpMime::TEXT_XML
rdf IHttpMime::TEXT_XML
tsd IHttpMime::TEXT_XML
wsdl IHttpMime::TEXT_XML
xsl IHttpMime::TEXT_XML
biz IHttpMime::TEXT_XML
vxml IHttpMime::TEXT_XML
vml IHttpMime::TEXT_XML
tld IHttpMime::TEXT_XML
math IHttpMime::TEXT_XML
png IHttpMime::IMAGE_PNG
jpg IHttpMime::IMAGE_JPEG
jpeg IHttpMime::IMAGE_JPEG
jpe IHttpMime::IMAGE_JPEG
jfif IHttpMime::IMAGE_JPEG
bmp IHttpMime::IMAGE_BMP
cgm IHttpMime::IMAGE_CGM
ief IHttpMime::IMAGE_IEF
tif IHttpMime::IMAGE_TIFF
tiff IHttpMime::IMAGE_TIFF
webp IHttpMime::IMAGE_WEBP
ico IHttpMime::IMAGE_X_ICON
svg IHttpMime::IMAGE_SVG_XML
gif IHttpMime::IMAGE_GIF
mpga IHttpMime::AUDIO_MPEG
aac IHttpMime::AUDIO_AAC
ac3 IHttpMime::AUDIO_AC3
amr IHttpMime::AUDIO_AMR
ogg IHttpMime::AUDIO_OGG
wav IHttpMime::AUDIO_WAV
3gpp IHttpMime::AUDIO_3GPP
rmi IHttpMime::AUDIO_MIDI
mid IHttpMime::AUDIO_MIDI
midi IHttpMime::AUDIO_MIDI
webm IHttpMime::AUDIO_WEBM
3gp2 IHttpMime::AUDIO_3GPP2
aif IHttpMime::AUDIO_X_AIFF
aiff IHttpMime::AUDIO_X_AIFF
aifc IHttpMime::AUDIO_X_AIFF
au IHttpMime::AUDIO_BASIC
snd IHttpMime::AUDIO_BASIC
wax IHttpMime::AUDIO_X_WAV
mp3 IHttpMime::AUDIO_MP3
mp2 IHttpMime::AUDIO_MP2
wma IHttpMime::AUDIO_X_WMA
flv IHttpMime::VIDEO_FLV
mp4 IHttpMime::VIDEO_MP4
mpg IHttpMime::VIDEO_MPEG
mp2v IHttpMime::VIDEO_MPEG
mpeg IHttpMime::VIDEO_MPEG
mps IHttpMime::VIDEO_MPEG
avi IHttpMime::VIDEO_X_MSVIDEO
3gp IHttpMime::VIDEO_3GPP
m4v IHttpMime::VIEDO_X_M4V
wmv IHttpMime::VIDEO_X_WMV
webm IHttpMime::VIDEO_WEBM
mov IHttpMime::VIDEO_QUICKTIME
json IHttpMime::APPLICATION_JSON
js IHttpMime::APPLICATION_JAVASCRIPT
bin IHttpMime::APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM
exe IHttpMime::APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM
pdf IHttpMime::APPLICATION_PDF

在上述的getSuffixMime 的查询中，如果suffix 在上面的表格中有定义，则会使用表个中的定义，如果没有定义，则会使用用户自定义的 mime 类型，如果用户没有自定义，则会放回 OCTET_STREAM 的字节流的信息。

用户自定义 suffix-mime 映射

如果开发者使用了在上述预定义后缀之外的后缀，用户可以通过继承 IHttpRegistMimeInterface 类来扩展自己的 suffix 映射，下面举一个例子：

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// YkyMimeTask.h
#pragma once

#include "http/biscuits/IHttpRegistMimeInterface.h"

class YkyMimeTask : public IHttpRegistMimeInterface<YkyMimeTask>
{
public:
    YkyMimeTask() = default;

public:
    virtual QMap<IString, IString> mimes() const {
        return {
            {"yky", "application/yky"}
        };
    }
};

// YkyMimeTask.cpp
#include "YkyMimeTask.h"

上述例子中将 yky 的后缀注册到系统中，yky 后缀映射到 application/yky 这个mime。